The experiment focused on the identification and differentiation of carbonyl compounds, specifically aldehydes and ketones, using specific chemical tests. Additionally, the goal was to distinguish between aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes based on their reactivity in Benedict's Test.
Tollens test reacts with aldehydes to form a silver mirror, but does not react with ketones. In the benedict test, while aliphatic aldehydes show color change and red precipitation, no color change is observed in aromatic aldehydes and ketones.It was observed in the silver mirror test that acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and benzaldehyde were aldehydes and methyl ethyl ketone and acetone were ketones. . Color change was observed in formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in Benedict's test. Thanks to the tests, it was understood that the unknown substance was benzaldehyde. In the silver mirror test, benzaldehyde and the unknown substance formed a silver mirror image, but in the benedict test, no color change was observed in either of them. It was observed that these two substances gave the same results in the tests, so it was understood that these two substances were the same. If the experiment had been done more carefully, more accurate and clear results could have been obtained. For example, if the solid AgNO_0 was shaken until it was completely dissolved in the NH_0 OH solution, the silver mirror in the aldehydes could be observed more clearly.